NEC 250.122 EGC Sizing

Equipment Grounding Conductor (EGC) Sizing Calculator (NEC 250.122)

Branch circuit wiring, grounding motors, sub-panels, and machinery. Sizes equipment safety ground wire for branch circuits and feeders (15A to 1200A), with automatic proportional adjustment for voltage-drop upsized conductors.

Equipment Grounding Conductor (EGC) Sizing Calculator (NEC 250.122)
Amps
1=Cu, 2=Al
Calculated Result
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Instant Calculation
Engineering Output
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Auxiliary Output
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Step-by-Step Derivation ▼ Show Steps
Governing Formula Verified Physics
Lookup per NEC Table 250.122  |  Proportional Upsizing: A_egc = A_base × (A_wire_new / A_wire_min)

Calculations adhere to standard electrical engineering physics and National Electrical Code (NFPA 70) regulations.

Engineering Principles & Calculations

This calculator uses the exact mathematical relationships between Circuit Breaker Rating (Amps: 15A to 1200A), Conductor Material (Copper / Aluminum), Has Circuit Wire Been Upsized for Voltage Drop? (Yes/No) to determine Required Ground Wire Size (AWG / kcmil). In practical installations, factors such as ambient raceway temperature, harmonic distortion, duty cycle continuous operation, and conductor impedance must be accounted for by a certified electrician.

Sizes equipment safety ground wire for branch circuits and feeders (15A to 1200A), with automatic proportional adjustment for voltage-drop upsized conductors.

Typical Application & Industry Guidelines

Branch circuit wiring, grounding motors, sub-panels, and machinery.

Reference Matrix

Equipment Grounding Conductor (EGC) Sizing Calculator (NEC 250.122) Benchmark Lookup Table

Rating of Overcurrent Device (Breaker)Min Copper EGC WireMin Aluminum EGC Wire
15 Amp Breaker#14 AWG Copper#12 AWG Aluminum
20 Amp Breaker#12 AWG Copper#10 AWG Aluminum
30 - 60 Amp Breaker#10 AWG Copper#8 AWG Aluminum
100 Amp Breaker#8 AWG Copper#6 AWG Aluminum
200 Amp Breaker#6 AWG Copper#4 AWG Aluminum
300 Amp Breaker#4 AWG Copper#2 AWG Aluminum
400 Amp Breaker#3 AWG Copper#1 AWG Aluminum
FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an Equipment Grounding Conductor (EGC)? +
An EGC is the green or bare safety wire that bonds metal equipment frames, junction boxes, and appliance chassis back to the electrical panel to trip the circuit breaker instantly in the event of a ground fault.
What happens if phase wires are upsized for distance? +
Under NEC 250.122(B), if circuit conductors are increased in size (e.g. from #12 to #8 for voltage drop), the equipment grounding conductor must be increased in circular mil area by the same proportion.
Can EMT conduit serve as the equipment grounding conductor? +
Yes! NEC 250.118 recognizes properly installed Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT) with listed fittings as a compliant equipment grounding path without requiring a separate green wire.

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